History allows us to understand ourselves and the humanity overall. The study of history only enables us to prepare for the future. Moreover, the upcoming years are like stepping into the unknown. Our past aids us to make provisions for that unexpected tomorrow. We are not makers of history, rather it is history who created us. Abiding by this, today Brag Social opens another chapter of history. Let us know what happened on the day of January 08 over the past years.
1867: African American men granted voting rights in Washington D.C.
source: adl.org
On January 08, in the year 1867, the African American men were give the right to vote. The right was attained despite the veto power of the most powerful resident. The then President Andrew Johnson opposed strongly opposed it. However, the African Americans were still not given the right to vote in federal elections. This was attained later in the year 1961.
The unfair treatment towards the African American was debated strongly on the streets, and in the press as well. The fight to ensure equal rights for the African Americans continued for over a decade. In fact we witness such racism based on colour even today. However, the Voting Rights Act prohibited the states from using literacy tests and other methods of excluding African Americans from voting. The number differences in the voters of different colours was yet huge though.
1935: Spectrophotometer patented
The spectrophotometer is an instrument which measures the intensity of light when it passes through any sample solution. Basically, spectrophotometer determines the amount of photons absorbed by the solution. Moreover, it can determine the concentration of a chemical substance. It was in the year 1935 that Michael Ron Hammer received a patent for inventing this instrument. A spectrophotometer functions by taking in light and then breaking it into its spectrum. Then digitisation of light occurs. Lastly, a computer reads and displays it.
The working principle behind a spectrophotometer is that each compound absorbs or transmits light over a certain range of wavelength. It concerns measuring quantitatively the absorption and transmission of light as a function of wavelength.
source: wikipedia
1963: Monalisa unveiled in National Art Gallery
The Italian artist, Leonardo Da Vinci painted Monalisa. It is a half length portrait painting. What makes this a matter of discussion today is the fact that it was exhibited in the US for the first time. On January 08 in the year 1963, the National Art Gallery in Washington D. C. introduced Monalisa for the first time to America. The National Art Gallery witnessed over a total of five thousand dignitaries that came in rushing to view this masterpiece. The United States president, John F. Kennedy, was also one of the eminent personalities who spectated the spectacular portrait. The common public could spectate the painting from the day followed.
Leonardo da Vinci completed this charismatic painting in the year 1504. It was a portrait of wife of a rich Florentine citizen Francesco del Gioconda. La Gioconda was another name of the painting. It portrays a woman with ever enigmatic expressions which is both alluring and aloof.
1973: USSR launches Luna 21
The space mission named Luna 21 was an unmanned space mission. The Luna program aimed at achieving pictures of the Lunar surface. Also to perform laser ranging experiments from Earth, observe solar X-rays, and measure local magnetic fields. The program also objectified the study of mechanical properties of the lunar surface material.
The Soviet Union, also known as the USSR were the chief operators of this Luna program. Luna 21 carried with itself the second successful Soviet Lunar Rover, termed Lunokhod 2. It took a total of eight days from the day of launch to the day of landing for successful accomplishment of the program. Luna 21 and hence Lunokhod are on the lunar surface till date and sending data for further observations. Luna 21 along with its spacecraft a total distance of forty-two kilometres (26 miles).
2002: No Child Left Behind Act signed in US
source: wikipedia
On Jan. 8, 2002, President Bush signed the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (P.L. 107-110) into law with overwhelming bipartisan support. The final votes were 87-10 in the Senate and 381-41 in the House. This was a reform in the education system policies. The No Child Left Behind Act ensured flexibility and accountability. Moreover, it was responsible for an increment in the federal support towards education.
No Child Left Behind Act signed in 2002 by United States President George Bush made the education system of the state more inclusive, and fair. The education was also responsive after the Act was passed. This is a authorisation of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act.
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